Breed Report: Siberian Husky
The Siberian Husky is one of the most ancient breeds, native to Russia, and undiluted of all northern sled dogs. There are two theories behind the origin of the name “husky” — either from a European mispronunciation of ‘Chukchi’, or as a slang abbreviation of “Eskimo”.
The breed is claimed to be purebred for as long as 3,000 years. This was likely made more possible by living in a remote, isolated region of the extreme North East, Siberia. Women were tasked with caring for the dogs when they weren’t working. This meant the dogs had to be near children, so naturally the non-aggressive animals were favored.
Chukchi's custom was to castrate all but the best lead dogs — this ensured regular genetic improvement in the breed. The working abilities and temperament of the dogs were gradually improved until the Chukchi developed a super-dog.
Smallest & fastest of the sled dogs. Built for carrying lighter loads (I.e. killed game) at high speeds over an amazingly long distance. The dog’s presence meant the difference between life and death for the local nomads. When they were forced to expand territories to survive, the husky made it possible.
In the 19th century, Americans began hearing about an “exceptional working dog” breed in Siberia. In 1909, the breed started to become a sensation when a team of imported huskies took part in a major Alaskan sled race. They became known for easily beating larger, more powerful, but slower Malamutes and Eskimo Dogs. Started winning nearly all races in the U.S., and earned the name of “supreme racing sled dog”.
Winter of 1925 fame increased when there was a serious diphtheria epidemic in Nome, Alaska. Life-saving serum needed urgently was transported by a relay of husky dog teams. The relay was later named the “serum run” and the team was so admired they went on an appearance tour around the U.S.. This event made the breed widely known, and Central Park, NY even has a statue commemorating one of the dogs.
Officially recognized by AKC in the 1930s. Used for Search and Rescue during World War II by the US military in the Arctic Circle. Grown in popularity since then, and has since been exported to Scandinavia and Europe.
Nicknames include the Siberian Dog, the Arctic Husky, the Siberian Chukchi, the Chukchi Sled Dog, the Chukchi, or the Chukchi.
Breed characteristics:
Tireless, dignified, athletic, agile, friendly, gentle, independent, and alert.
Wolf-like personality in the way that it rarely barks, but does enjoy communal howling.
All colors are permitted but usually have some kind of facial mask contrasting pale & dark patches.
Height: 20 - 23 in (51–60 cm) and it weighs 35 — 60 lbs (16-27kg).
Life expectancy: 12 - 15 years.
Nicole Trainer Notes:
Don’t forget that huskies are built to run over 100 miles a day, away from their home. This means they’re bred to be extremely confident running away, so come-when-called training is essential to start from the beginning. If you live in a smaller dwelling like an apartment, make it a habit to spend time outside.
In my experience, these dogs are typically the “class clowns”, and tend to fool around as a way to cope with stress. Socialization is critical for all dogs but especially important for huskies throughout their life because of their strong “pack” mentality. They can become suspicious/wary of new things after periods of low social interaction.
Overall, get ready to do a lot of laughing, training, and outdoor adventures with this breed in your life. The Siberian Husky is a good companion if you have a lot of energy, don’t mind dog fluff flying around the home, and are prepared to give more “input” (i.e. training, enrichment, play) than other breeds.
References:
Dunbar, Ian, editor. The Essential Siberian Husky. Wiley, 1999.
“Siberian Husky.” Dogs: The Ultimate Dictionary of Over 1,000 Dog Breeds, by Desmond Morris, 1st paperback ed., Trafalgar Square, 2008, 647,648.
“Siberian Husky Dog Breed Information.” American Kennel Club, https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/siberian-husky/. Accessed 14 October 2024.
